Science - Behaviour of Matter - Expansion

Behaviour of Matter - Expansion

When particles are heated, they begin to move around more and the space between the particles increases, causing the substance to expand. The diagram below shows the effect of heat on particles in a solid substance. Notice that the particles are vibrating more. Because of this, they are bumping into each other and the distance between the particles increases. This means the solid will expand

Describe the effects of heat on:

1. The movement of particles - They move around more and more

2. The size of the particles - They start to expand

3. The space between the particles - The space increases 

4. The size of the substance - They expand as well

Aim:

To observe contraction in gases

Equipment: Aluminium can, scissor tongs, Bunsen burner, heatproof mat, tripod and open container of water

Method

1. Set up a Bunsen burner underneath a tripod and gauze mat.

2. Pour approximately 50-60 mL of water into your can. it should be no more than 1/4 full

3. Heat the can of water until steam is seen escaping from the top.

4. Quickly, but very carefully, invert the can as you plunge it into a container of water.

Reflection

Well the experiment was simple since all you did was heat up a can with 50 mL of water and once it's smoking you just plunge it into the container full of water upside down and it makes a small explosion on the inside.

Science - DIffusion

Monday, last week of the term we did a diffusion experiment with Potassium Permanganate. We used 2 crystals of Potassium Permanganate in a half full petri dish with cold water and then we waited for 5 minutes.

Aim: To observe diffusion in a liquid.

Equipment: Petri Dish, Water, Tweezers, A crystal of Potassium Permanganate.

Method:

1. Half fill your petri dish with cold tap water.

2. Place the petri dish on your work bench and allow the water to become settled.

3. Using the tweezers, place a single crystal of potassium permanganate in the centre of the petri dish.

4. Observe for 5 minutes.

5. Repeat the experiment using hot water

Observations:

Note: We only did cold water

The colour started getting a bit lighter over time with only two crystals.

Explanation: I guess the substance spreaded out through the whole petri dish and got less focus on one spot.

Science - Investigating State Changes

This week our science we had to observe how long it took ice to boil to 100 degrees.

Aim: To observe water as it changes state from solid to liquid and then to a gas.

Equipment: A 250 mL beaker, thermometer, Bunsen burner, heatproof mat, tripod and gauze mat, stopwatch, retort stand and clamp, ice cubes

Method: 1. Collect enough ice so that your beaker is half full and place the thermometer into it while you set up the rest of the equipment

2. Set up the retort stand and clamp alongside the tripod and gauze mat

3. Place the beaker of ice on the gauze mat and gently clamp the thermometer so that it is held upright and the scale is easy to see. The bottom of your thermometer should be low enough to still be covered by water when the ice melts, but not touching the bottom of the beaker

4. Record the initial temperature of the ice in the data table below

5.Light the Bunsen burner and start timing with the stopwatch.

6. Measure and record the temperature every minute.

7. Continue measuring and recording the temperature until the water has been boiling for 2-3 minutes